This haplotree is based on a comparison of historical records related to the nations list in the Table of Nations in Genesis 10 to maps showing the distribution of haplogroups which can be found on http://www.eupedia.com/europe/origins_haplogroups_europe.shtml and other websites including haplogroup projects found on FTDNA’s website and Wikipedia. It is a work in progress and changes will be made as dictated by new discoveries.
The historical sources used include:
Historical Portions of The Old Testament.
Josephus, Flavius. TheAntiquities of the Jews. Written in the 1st Century AD.
The Book of Jubilees written in the 2nd century BC
Vermès, Géza. The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls in English. New York, NY, U.S.A.: Allen Lane/Penguin, 1997.
Luckenbill, Daniel David. Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia. Vol. 1&2. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1927.
The Amarna Letters, cuneiform tablets discovered in Amarna Egypt.
The Ebla Tablets, from ca. 2300 BC
The Library of Ashurbanipal including the Epic of Gilgamesh.
In addition, we are looking for scientific evidence to add to the historic evidence. See below this chart for scientific evidence that has already been considered.
Scientific Evidence:
The placement of Neandertal on the haplotree is based upon an independent analysis of the 146 variants found in the Neandertal Y reported in The American Journal of Human Geneticss.
Fernando L. Mendez, G. David Poznik, Sergi Castellano, and Carlos D. Bustamante, "The Divergence of Neandertal and Modern Human Y Chromosomes," The American Journal of Human Genetics 98.4 (2016): 728-34. Web
Of the 146 variant positions,
100 match neither the reference, A00 nor any named SNP.
16 match A00 of which fourteen have named SNPs as follows:
1. PF327 • M11757 (G->A) A0/BT
2. L1105 (C->T) A0-T
3. FGC26273 • YP1893 (G->A) A0-T
4. YP1915 (G->A) A0-T
5. YP3866 (C->T) A1
6. Y10218 • Z9871 (A->T) A1
7. PAGES00026 • M9336 (G->A) BT
8. M9372 (G->T) BT
9. M5648 (A->C) CT
10. M235 • PF2665 • PAGE80 • PAGES00080 (T->G) F
11. M3772 • CTS12662 • PF2776 (G->A) F
12. M201 • PF2957 (G->T) G
13. M45 • PF5962 (G->A) P
14. F652 • M805 • PF6082 (C->A) R
26 match the reference sequence (R1b) of which 17 have named SNPs at A00 level:
1. V1126 • FGC24782 (T->C) A00
2. FGC25152 (T->C) A00
3. FGC25373 (T->C) A00
4. FGC25521 • YP2560 • V1203 (G->A) A00
5. FGC25522 • YP2561 (C->A) A00
6. FGC25843 • YP2760 (T->C) A00
7. FGC25906 • YP2791 (A->G) A00
8. FGC25937 (C->T) A00
9. FGC26201 • YP2840 (G->A) A00
10. FGC26202 • YP2841 (G->T) A00
11. FGC26296 (C->T) A00
12. FGC26301 • YP2894 (C->T) A00
13. FGC26574 • YP3039 (C->T) A00
14. FGC27237 • YP3410 • V3995 (A->C) A00
15. L1148 (C->T) A00
16. FGC27904 (G->A) A00
17. YP3823 • A3027 (G->A) A00
7 have the derived value in a named SNP:
1. FGC26394 • YP1922 (T->C) A0-T
2. P305 (A->G) A1
3. M9393 (G->A) BT
4. PF1873 • M5550 • A10822 (G->A) E
5. PAGES00011 (C->T) T
6. Y18226 • A10839 (A->G) T
7. S14125 (T->C) R1b, I2
8 are novel variants of which 6 match the reference and 2 match A00
The evidence is overwhelming that the Neanderthal DNA does not have a common ancestor upstream of A00 on the current tree. Equally strong is the evidence that A00 is downstream from A0-T. There is too little information to determine the actual root from this data, however a root between H and K is possible.