"It is essential to consider the R-Y61904 subclade as part of the multifaceted genetic spectrum of the ancient Basques." 'Amidst the pre-Roman kingdoms into the Carolingian and Angevin kingdoms.' Y-DNA Haplo-group Project: R Y61904 1250 BCE, most recently at 832 CE (95% probability) stems from R-DF27 (2750 BCE) a descendant of the founder of R1b group. Highest frequencies: R-DF27 was found in frequencies of 40% in the general population of the Iberian Peninsula and in particular spikes at 70% among the Basques, also known as "Gallo-Iberians": i.e. Basques, Catalans, Galicians, Asturians, Gascons, Béarnese and others. Overall in France it accounts for between 6–20% of the population but has a high level in the Pyrenees area. It is estimated to have developed around 4,200 years ago in north-eastern Prehistoric Iberia as the Neolithic made way for the Atlantic Bronze Age from it's lead group R-ZZ11, 2800 BCE, (associated with the spread of steppe-derived peoples into Europe, including the Corded Ware, Bell Beaker, and Single Grave cultures). The R-DF27 subgroups also correspond closely to the various pre-Roman kingdoms formed by the Celtiberians who are related by way of the more primary group R-M269. Genetic Traits of the Basque People - Re: R-DF27 "One surprising aspect of the study is the nearly complete replacement of Iberian paternal lineages between 2,500 and 2,000 BCE. During this transitional period from the Copper Age to the Bronze Age, steppe populations replaced Iberian paternal lineages, leaving a lasting impact on the genetic composition of the Iberian population." This project will seek to explore any group inter-relatedness, as well as observations of other factors such as regional history, tribal and clan systems, family names histories. A PRELIMINARY CHRONOLOGICAL FLOW CHART OF EXTRACTION FOR HAPLOGROUP R-Y61904 FROM AD 500 to AD 1500 >>AD 500 - NAVARRI (NAVARRESE, NAVARRA, NAZARIO, VARRO) >>AD 600 - GASCON (VASCON, WASCON) >>AD 700 - AQUITANI >>AD 800 - ANDEGAVI (ANDICAVI) CELTS >>AD 900 - BRETON CELTS >>AD 1000 - NORTMANNI (NORMANS) >>AD 1100 - ANGLO-SAXONS & CYMRI CELTS (WELSH/CYMRAEG; MONMOUTHSHIRE/SIR FYNWY; PEMBROKESHIRE/SIR BENFRO) >>AD 1200 - GAELIC CELTS (IRISH/GAEILGE)