About us
DNA can be tested in various ways which are quite different and complementary. These include STR marker testing, SNP (Big Y-700) testing, and autosomal DNA (Family Finder) testing. All help with sorting out lines of descent, Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).traces the female (mother to daughter) line of descent and is not relevant in single surname projects.
Y Chromosome STR (Short Tandem Repeat) marker test results for all project participants who have been Y-DNA tested are posted at this website - click on the "DNA Results" link at the left to see them. See below for a listing of project participants with a PPP surname who have taken a STR marker tests and the lineage group they have been assigned to.
Y-Chromosome SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) test results from Big Y testing are shown on the personal page of each person tested. Click on the "Block Tree" link to see the results in graphic format. This displays the genetic descent and terminal SNP of the tested person as determined by the sequence of SNPs found in his Y-DNA. Closely related branches are also displayed in adjacent columns of the Block Tree, showing the SNP branch points and listing the tested persons in those branches.
Autosomal DNA (atDNA) test results (aka Family Finder) are posted on the tested person's personal page as a list of "matches," i.e. persons identified as genetic cousins in the testing. The measured amount of shared atDNA, in centiMorgans (cM), and the estimated degree of kinship are indicated for each identified cousin. The number of matches is usually quite large (thousands) so the search filter should be used to limit the display to manageable numbers. By entering a specific surname of interest, only genetic matches claiming that surname in their ancestry will be displayed.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is passed from mother to daughter without change except for random and infrequent mutations. mtDNA is used for tracing direct female lines of descent but is not relevant in researching male lineages in a single surname family so is not used in this project.
Y Chromosome STR (Short Tandem Repeat) marker test results for all project participants who have been Y-DNA tested are posted at this website - click on the "DNA Results" link at the left to see them. See below for a listing of project participants with a PPP surname who have taken a STR marker tests and the lineage group they have been assigned to.
Y-Chromosome SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) test results from Big Y testing are shown on the personal page of each person tested. Click on the "Block Tree" link to see the results in graphic format. This displays the genetic descent and terminal SNP of the tested person as determined by the sequence of SNPs found in his Y-DNA. Closely related branches are also displayed in adjacent columns of the Block Tree, showing the SNP branch points and listing the tested persons in those branches.
Autosomal DNA (atDNA) test results (aka Family Finder) are posted on the tested person's personal page as a list of "matches," i.e. persons identified as genetic cousins in the testing. The measured amount of shared atDNA, in centiMorgans (cM), and the estimated degree of kinship are indicated for each identified cousin. The number of matches is usually quite large (thousands) so the search filter should be used to limit the display to manageable numbers. By entering a specific surname of interest, only genetic matches claiming that surname in their ancestry will be displayed.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is passed from mother to daughter without change except for random and infrequent mutations. mtDNA is used for tracing direct female lines of descent but is not relevant in researching male lineages in a single surname family so is not used in this project.
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Following are the participants of the Polk-Pollock-Pogue project who have the PPP family surname and have been Y-chromosome tested. They have been sorted into lineage groups based on the STR marker test results. To see the actual test results (STR marker scores) click on the "DNA Results" link, then on either the classic or colorized chart.