The Yembe live in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). They are related to other different ethnic groups in the DRC, especially the Baluba, the Mongo and the Bakongo. They are composed of numerous subgroups who occupy various regions of the DRC. Their origins have not yet been clearly identified. Some Congolese and European scholars think that the Yembe have various origins (Zimbabwe, South Africa, Nubia, Ethiopia, Egypt, Tanzania, etc). In ancient times, the Yembe may have been a branch of the Lemba people, the “Bantu Jews”. Especially as Yembe ancestors and clans appear to correspond to Lemba ones. The Project will have seven principal goals: (i) To study the history of the Yembe and the Lemba. (ii) To compare the Lemba and Yembe's ancestors and clans, in order to emphasise their possible reciprocal relations. (iii) To answer this question; could the Yembe’s ancestors have been practitioners of Hebraic religion? (iv) To determine the genetic characteristics and the origins of the Yembe's non-African Y-DNA haplogroups. (v) To compare non-African Y-DNA haplogroups to Lemba ones in order to highlight a possible interchange of these non-African Y-DNA haplogroups between the Yembe and the Lemba. (vi) To study the genetic characteristics and the origins of the Yembe's African Y-DNA haplogroups. (vii) To compare the Yembe’s African Y-DNA haplogroups to Lemba ones in order to highlight a possible interchange of African Y-DNA haplogroups between the Yembe and the Lemba.