About us
A Surname Project traces members of a family that share a common surname. Since surnames are passed down from father to son with the Y-chromosome, this test is for males taking a Y-DNA test. Females do not carry their father's Y-DNA and acquire a new surname by way of marriage, so the tested individual must be a male that wants to check his direct paternal line (father's father's father's...) with a Y-DNA12, Y-DNA37, or Y-DNA67 marker test. This test deepens the family tree back in time and generations.
Females who would like to check their direct paternal line can have a male relative with this surname order a Y-DNA test. Females can also order an mtDNA test for themselves such as the mtDNA or the mtDNAPlus test and participate in an mtDNA project. This web site is to help Lightbody's map all others together thru DNA testing. It is to help do Genealogy work. This test helps broaden the family tree and find branches, cousins, which can also deepen the mothers lines.
SNP Testing helps seperate families using the same surname or bring families together that use different surnames. From a paper genealogy record, you are not related to anyone that doesn't share your same SNP testing or Haplotype. Here how SNP is defined =
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)
A change in the DNA that happens when a single nucleotide (A, T, G, or C) in the genome sequence is altered. A person has many SNPs that together create a unique DNA pattern for that individual.
Here are more definitions to help understand the goals.
Haplogroup
A genetic population group associated with early human migrations and which can today be associated with a geographic region. It is important to note that even though female and male haplogroups may have the same letters, their definitions are different.
Haplotype
One person's set of values for the markers that have been tested. Two individuals that match exactly on all markers have the same haplotype.
Goal 1: Find all haplogroups for the Lightbody Surname. We need Lightbody's to do a Y67, Y37 or Y12 test.
Goal 2: Help Lightbody's to do paper genealogy and to root out brick walls in the paper trails.
Goal 3: DNA genealogy tree for all Lightbody males and females.
Females who would like to check their direct paternal line can have a male relative with this surname order a Y-DNA test. Females can also order an mtDNA test for themselves such as the mtDNA or the mtDNAPlus test and participate in an mtDNA project. This web site is to help Lightbody's map all others together thru DNA testing. It is to help do Genealogy work. This test helps broaden the family tree and find branches, cousins, which can also deepen the mothers lines.
SNP Testing helps seperate families using the same surname or bring families together that use different surnames. From a paper genealogy record, you are not related to anyone that doesn't share your same SNP testing or Haplotype. Here how SNP is defined =
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)
A change in the DNA that happens when a single nucleotide (A, T, G, or C) in the genome sequence is altered. A person has many SNPs that together create a unique DNA pattern for that individual.
Here are more definitions to help understand the goals.
Haplogroup
A genetic population group associated with early human migrations and which can today be associated with a geographic region. It is important to note that even though female and male haplogroups may have the same letters, their definitions are different.
Haplotype
One person's set of values for the markers that have been tested. Two individuals that match exactly on all markers have the same haplotype.
Goal 1: Find all haplogroups for the Lightbody Surname. We need Lightbody's to do a Y67, Y37 or Y12 test.
Goal 2: Help Lightbody's to do paper genealogy and to root out brick walls in the paper trails.
Goal 3: DNA genealogy tree for all Lightbody males and females.