About us
Y-DNA testing provides two types of ancestral results: (1) that relating to one’s deep ancestry by identifying the HAPLOGROUP, and (2) that relating to one’s more recent ancestry by identifying the HAPLOTYPE. One’s HAPLOGROUP is characterized by infrequent mutations in single positions along the DNA chain. One’s HAPLOTYPE is characterized by somewhat more frequent mutations (changes in the number or repeats) in sequences of DNA.
So far, Howle DNA project participants fall into three haplogroups: The William Howle line is "I1" (I-M253);the John/Epaphroditus Howle line is "R1b1a2a1a1b4b" (R-M222) and the Stoke on Trent line is "R1b1a2" (R-M269). From these haplogroups, researchers have so far been able to document the migration paths from earliest man (Y-Adam) out of Africa to after the last Ice Age.
For example, the ancestors of the "R1b1a2" haplogroup moved out of Africa (the origin of mankind) into the Middle East some 45-50,000 years ago. They moved into Central Asia some 40,000 years ago and then into Eastern Europe some 30,000 years ago. From there, they moved to Western Europe and probably took refuge in Iberia (Southern Spain) during the Ice Age from approximately 24,000 years ago until about 12,000 years ago. From there, they are thought to have moved along the land bridge caused by the freezing of the Oceans to what is now Northwestern Ireland where they eventually spread throughout the British Isles. The last time that the Stoke on Trent line and the John/Epaphroditus line shared a common ancestor was possibly in Northwestern Ireland a few thousand years ago.
Now, to the HAPLOTYPES. Haplotypes are the individual results from the Y-DNA testing, and as you can see from the results below, the persons tested from the John/Epaphroditus line have almost identical haplotypes (a couple of recent mutations causing the slight differences). This and other information has led us to believe that John Howle, born about 1650, was probably the father of Epaphroditus Howle, born about 1685.
The three persons tested from the William Howle line have identical haplotypes, and as can be seen, their haplotypes are grossly different from both the John/Epaphroditus Howle line and the Stoke on Trent Howle line.
In order to push our knowledge of the Howle family farther back up the tree, we especially need relatives as far distant as possible from those already tested to participate in the project. Those from England, France, and other parts of the world would be particularly welcome along with disparate lines in the United States. Regardless of your family connection, we welcome and urge anyone with the Howle surname to join the project and get tested. Family Tree DNA offers special rates to project participants. Just click on the "Join Request" tab above to join the project and order a Y-DNA test.
You will note that the participants (shown under the Y-DNA Results tab) have selected different numbers of markers to test. The more selected, the more useful the results so we would recommend the 67-marker Y-DNA test. If you can't swing that right now, go for the 37 and upgrade later.
Please note that when you view the results, not all of the participants appear in the window so be sure to scroll down to view all of them. Also, only the first 16 or so markers are shown on the screen so be sure to scroll the page to the right in order to view the additional markers.
Please contact the Group Administrator if you would like more information. Also, explore the Family Tree DNA website at www.FamilyTreeDNA.com
So far, Howle DNA project participants fall into three haplogroups: The William Howle line is "I1" (I-M253);the John/Epaphroditus Howle line is "R1b1a2a1a1b4b" (R-M222) and the Stoke on Trent line is "R1b1a2" (R-M269). From these haplogroups, researchers have so far been able to document the migration paths from earliest man (Y-Adam) out of Africa to after the last Ice Age.
For example, the ancestors of the "R1b1a2" haplogroup moved out of Africa (the origin of mankind) into the Middle East some 45-50,000 years ago. They moved into Central Asia some 40,000 years ago and then into Eastern Europe some 30,000 years ago. From there, they moved to Western Europe and probably took refuge in Iberia (Southern Spain) during the Ice Age from approximately 24,000 years ago until about 12,000 years ago. From there, they are thought to have moved along the land bridge caused by the freezing of the Oceans to what is now Northwestern Ireland where they eventually spread throughout the British Isles. The last time that the Stoke on Trent line and the John/Epaphroditus line shared a common ancestor was possibly in Northwestern Ireland a few thousand years ago.
Now, to the HAPLOTYPES. Haplotypes are the individual results from the Y-DNA testing, and as you can see from the results below, the persons tested from the John/Epaphroditus line have almost identical haplotypes (a couple of recent mutations causing the slight differences). This and other information has led us to believe that John Howle, born about 1650, was probably the father of Epaphroditus Howle, born about 1685.
The three persons tested from the William Howle line have identical haplotypes, and as can be seen, their haplotypes are grossly different from both the John/Epaphroditus Howle line and the Stoke on Trent Howle line.
In order to push our knowledge of the Howle family farther back up the tree, we especially need relatives as far distant as possible from those already tested to participate in the project. Those from England, France, and other parts of the world would be particularly welcome along with disparate lines in the United States. Regardless of your family connection, we welcome and urge anyone with the Howle surname to join the project and get tested. Family Tree DNA offers special rates to project participants. Just click on the "Join Request" tab above to join the project and order a Y-DNA test.
You will note that the participants (shown under the Y-DNA Results tab) have selected different numbers of markers to test. The more selected, the more useful the results so we would recommend the 67-marker Y-DNA test. If you can't swing that right now, go for the 37 and upgrade later.
Please note that when you view the results, not all of the participants appear in the window so be sure to scroll down to view all of them. Also, only the first 16 or so markers are shown on the screen so be sure to scroll the page to the right in order to view the additional markers.
Please contact the Group Administrator if you would like more information. Also, explore the Family Tree DNA website at www.FamilyTreeDNA.com