This study of Y-chromosome DNA was established to assist Swackhamer/Swackhammer surname males determine how they may be related to each other and to Samuel Schwechheimer (Swackhamer), an early american pioneer who arrived in 1731 and became one of the first settlers in Middle Valley, New Jersey. Samuel in his lifetime had three wives and 25 children both in Germany and in the Colony. Only a few Swackhamers have been able to establish a paper trail back to Samuel. Many others have not.