OVERVIEW. The Courage Project is based upon comparison of Y-DNA tests among male Courages, males with related or similar names, and males with any name who are related through Y-DNA testing to other members of the Courage project. Females participating in the project should submit a Y-DNA test of a male family relative (father, uncle, brother, or male cousin) with the family surname. Currently project subgroups are derived from measures of genetic distance (GD) between the members of the project and other genetic factors. Results of mitochondrial DNA and autosomal tests may be uploaded to the project if the member desires, but they are not part of the studied results. The Courage surnames appear historically associated with France, Great Britain and Ireland. The Courage Surname Project objectives are to: 1) Identify and categorize various, distinct Courage Y-DNA genetic lines. 2) Help project participants determine to which distinct line they belong. 3) Determine to what extent various French, Irish and Great Britain lines are genetically related. 4) Determine where the specific French, Irish and Great Britain lines originated. To join the Courage Surname Project read the following recommendations: 1) Males with the Courage surname--please sign up for the FTDNA Y-DNA-37 marker or Y-DNA-67 marker test if possible or above, since it will give a fairly definitive proof of relationship. 2) Females who have Courage surnames in their ancestral pedigree can have a male Courage in your family line take the Y-DNA test as mentioned above. 3) Males with a non-Courage surname yet believe that there is a possibility that their ancestor surname may have been at one time in the past or has a modern day change in spelling can take the Y-DNA test to see if they link into the Courage Y-DNA Haplogroup lines. Again it is recommend to at least start with the Y-DNA 37 and if possible Y-DNA 67 test. Please note that at any time it is very easy to sign in to your profile at FTDNA and request an upgrade your test to a higher level.