Group Administrator:
I1 Team - Email:
m253@googlegroups.com
Current balance:
$1,250.00
Group General Fund
| Debit |
$350.00 |
6/8/2009 |
|
WTY |
N32687 |
Unknown |
| Credit |
$200.00 |
5/25/2009 |
Jules van Laar |
WTY I1-As |
|
Individual |
| Credit |
$100.00 |
5/13/2009 |
Larry Kea |
WTTY |
|
Individual |
| Credit |
$75.00 |
5/9/2009 |
Bo Sundqvist |
WTTY - Every dollar helps |
|
Individual |
| Credit |
$100.00 |
5/9/2009 |
O.K. Stuvstad |
Walk the Y |
|
Individual |
| Credit |
$200.00 |
5/9/2009 |
Samuel Theil |
WTTY |
|
Individual |
| Credit |
$100.00 |
5/7/2009 |
John Ralls |
For Walk Through The Y |
|
Individual |
| Credit |
$150.00 |
5/7/2009 |
Jules van Laar |
Walk the Y I1-As |
|
Individual |
| Credit |
$100.00 |
5/6/2009 |
James M. Gower |
for I1 |
|
Anonymous |
| Credit |
$100.00 |
5/6/2009 |
Martin Potter |
Walk the Y Project |
|
Individual |
Project Background
The I1 subclade of Haplogroup I is estimated to be 15,000 to 20,000 years old and confirmed by the single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP, known as M253. According to the Genographic Project, the founder of the I1 branch lived on the Iberian Peninsula during the Last Glacial Maximum or LGM. 15,000 years is a long time ago though and the descendants of that first I1 have spread across Europe. Their children have formed subpopulations each having its own distinct history. While many I1 members trace their ancestry to Scandinavia, others find their roots in the British Isles, Germany, and beyond.
What has happened to the I tree?
The publication of Underhill 2007 and Karafet 2008 has brought major changes to the I tree. FamilyTreeDNA has a page explaining the changes here.
How do I know I am I1?
Because all men with the M253 y-chromosome SNP share a common ancestor all of their short tandem repeat markers, STRs, can be expected to be in a range around that of their forefather. It is then possible to predict the probability of someone's M253 status based on the frequency of their STR values among known I1s. Haplogroup predictions are done by the software at FTDNA and by Whit Athey's Haplogroup Predictor. It is also possible to do the math by hand. This table shows the STR value distribution based on the 454 unique haplotypes from the first panel of markers.
You may then look at your prediction by FTDNA, use the Whit's Predictor, and compare the frequencies of your marker results to other I1s. In most cases all of these methods will be in agreement and testing for M253 is unnecessary for both genealogical and anthropological information. If you still have doubts, you may wish to look at Borges' article 'Why SNP' to decide if a SNP test is right for you. The most likely reason for an I1 to take a SNP test is to check for the M277 SNP or one of the new M253 subclade SNPs, P109 and P259.
Links and References
Articles
- Athey, (2005) Resolving the Placement of Haplogroup I-M223 in the Y-chromosome Phylogenetic Tree. Journal of Genetic Genealogy, 1:54-55.
- Balanovsky, (2008) Two Sources of the Russian Patrilineal Heritage in Their Eurasian Context The American Journal of Human Genetics, Volume 82 (1) , Pages 236 - 250
- Capelli, (2005) Population Structure in the Mediterranean Basin: A Y Chromosome Perspective Annals of Human Genetics.
- Cinnioglu, (2004) Excavating Y-chromosome Haplotype Strata in Anatolia Human Genetics. 114:127-148.
- Karafet, (2008) New Binary Polymorphisms Reshape and Increase Resolution of the Human Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup Tree Genome Research.
- Karlsson, (2006) Y-chromosome Diversity in Sweden - A Long-time Perspective European Journal of Human Genetics, 1-8.
- Lappalainen, (2006) Regional differences among the Finns: A Y-chromosomal perspective Gene 376 (2), 207-215
- Marjanovic, (2005)The Peopling of Modern Bosnia-Herzegovina: Y-chromosome Haplogroups in the Three Main Ethnic Groups Annals of Human Genetics 69 (6) , 757–763.
- Rootsi, (2004)Phylogeography of Y-Chromosome Haplogroup I Reveals Distinct Domains of Prehistoric Gene Flow In Europe American Journal of Human Genetics, 75:128-137
- Scheinfeldt, (2006) Unexpected NRY Chromosome Variation in Northern Island Melanesia Society for Molecular Biology.
- Sengupta, (2006) Polarity and Temporality of High Resolution Y-chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists American Journal of Human Genetics, 78:202-221.
- Underhill, (2000) Y Chromosome Sequence Variation and the History of Human Populations Nature Genetics, 26: 358-361.
- Underhill, (2001) The Phylogeography of Y Chromosome Binary Haplotypes and the Origins of Modern Human Populations Annals of Human Genetics, 65:43-62.
- Underhill, (2007) New Phylogenetic Relationships for Y-chromosome Haplogroup I: Reappraising its Phylogeography and Prehistory in Rethinking the Human Evolution, Mellars P, Boyle K, Bar-Yosef O, Stringer C, Eds. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge, UK, pp. 33-42.
- Y Chromosome Consortium (YCC), (2002) A Nomenclature System for the Tree of Human Y-Chromosomal Binary Haplogroups Genome Research, 12:339-348.
Databases
- Family Tree DNA's open source y-Chromosome Database: ySearch
- The Sorenson Family of Companies non-profit Foundation's proprietary database: SMGF Database
E-mail Lists/Forums
Journals and News Letters
- American Journal of Human Genetics
- Annals of Human Genetics
- European Journal of Human Genetics
- FamilyTreeDNA Newsletter: Facts & Genes
- FamilyTreeDNA Newsletter: Facts & Genes Archives
- Genome Research
- Human Genetics
- Journal of Genetic Genealogy
- Society for Molecular Biology
Organizations
Websites about y–chromosome DNA
Websites about History