N Y-DNA Haplogroup Project
Group Administrator: Robert Andersen grpadm@yahoo.com



Group General Fund:


Project Background:
The Y-DNA haplogroup N has a wide distrubution primarly in northern-eurasia often associatied (but not necessarly) with current and earlier Uralic speakers.


Source: Rootsi 2006.

The first myth about haplogroup N I want to burst right away, most of it in Europe did not come in recorded history from the Huns and the Mongols. I quote Rootsi at University of Tartu, Estonia who is leading the research on hg N. The age of hg N3 in the Finnic-Ugric speaking population in eastern Europe suggest a much earlier arrival from the east.

"From the archaeological point of view, hg N3 is spread in Europe i the area of comb-ceramic culture. It is not, however, obvious that the spread of the two can be temoporily connected, because STR diversity-based calculations of the time depth of hg N3 among the Finnick-speaking European population suggests expansion time before-around the end of pleistoscene - that is long before the rise of the comb-ceramic cuture in the 4th millennium BC"

Source: Rootsi 2004

Y-chromosomal DNA is passed from father to son only and follow a stright direct paternal line. This means that the Y-DNA you have carry only apply for 1 of your 512 forefathers in your 10th generation back, this fraction will be even smaller as you go further back. The remaining 511 forefathers could probably belong to other haplogroups having their own haplotypes, however depending on what population you belong to it should be possible to infer ruffly what haplogroups your total numbers of forefathers carried. If most of your geneology is from Britain haplogroup N would only count for a extremly small fraction of your ancestors, if your a Finn haplogroup N would count for over half of your male forefathers, eventually depending on what population you belong to, your total haplogroup frequency would look similar to the weighted average of the populations your ancestor belonged too.

What haplogroup you belong to can be determined in two different ways, by Y-SNP and by prediction using Y-STR markers. Using Y-SNP categorize your haplogroup with certainty, using Y-STR categorize your haplogroup reasonably accurate with statistics because Y-STR correlate with Y-SNP in most cases. FTDNA uses prediction, but do offer a LLY22G SNP test.

The Y-SNP mutate rarely, we are talking mostly about thousands of years. The Y-STR on the other hand mutate rapidly and is more useful to determine closer relationship within the last thousand years. Optimal combination is using both Y-SNP and Y-STR test because it is then possible to exclude similarity by state in the Y-STR, for example two persons with N3a and N3a1 with identical Y-STR haplotype is much more distant related then what the identical haplotype suggest. However with FTDNA only offering the LLY22G test and no subclade test there is no real point confirming their initial prediction until subclade testing is available.

The haplogroup N or LLY22G consists of a number of subclades. In the YCC 2006 there has been identified many new subclades of N.

http://www.isogg.org/tree/ISOGG_HapgrpN.html

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Scientific litterature list for your education and entertainment:

A counter-clockwise northern route of the Y chromosome haplogroup N from Southeast Asia towards Europe, Rootsi 2006

Human Y-Chromosomal Variation in European Populations MANDATORY READING

FINLAND: Regional differences among the Finns: A Y-chromosomal perspective

FINLAND: Analysis of 16 Y STR loci in the Finnish population reveals a local reduction in the diversity of male lineages

FINNO-UGRIC part I: Reconstruction of Maternal lineages of Finno-Ugric speaking people and some remarks on their Paternal inheritance

FINNO-UGRIC part III :Archaeogenetics of Finno-Ugric speaking
populations

FINNO-UGRIC: On the phylogeographic context of sex-specific genetic markers of finno-ugric populations

LITHUANIA: Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Lithuanians

FINLAND: Paternal and maternal DNA lineages reveal a bottleneck in the
founding of the Finnish population

SWEDEN/SAAMI: Y-chromosome diversity in Sweden – A long-time perspective

SWEDEN/SAAMI: Y-chromosome diversity in Sweden – A long-time perspective SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

NORWAY: Geographical heterogeneity of Y-chromosomal
lineages in Norway

NORWAY: Geographical heterogeneity of Y-chromosomal
lineages in Norway SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

TURKEY: Excavating Y-chromosome haplotype strata in Anatolia

IBERIA: Recent Male-Mediated Gene Flow over a Linguistic Barrier in Iberia, Suggested by Analysis of a Y-Chromosomal DNA Polymorphism

Did you know Emperor Gaozu of Tang of China likely was a member of haplogroup N?

SIBERIA/JAPAN N3a, N3a1 and N1 haplotypes


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