As of 19 August 2006, there were 5 participants with results in the project. The participants include those who can trace their ancestry back to specific regions within Germany and those who immigrated to the United States prior to the American Revolution in 1776. The participants are also members of Haplogroups R1a, R1b and R1b1c. The R1a Haplogroup originated in the Eurasian Steppes north of the Black and Caspian Seas. This haplogroup is associated with the Kurgan culture which domesticated the horse and were probably the first speakers of the Indo-European language group. Haplogroup R1b is the most common haplogroup in European populations. R1b expanded throughout Europe after the last Ice Age 10 to 12 thousand years ago. R1b1c is a subgroup of R1b and is associated with the Auriganacian culture of the Cro-Magnon people, who were the first modern humans to enter Europe. According to the calculations of the Family Tree DNA Time Predictor (FTDNATiP), there is a high probability that each of the 5 participants represents a distinct family. These results appear in more detail at the Weingart DNA Project DISCUSSION Page. FTDNATiP is useful in determining the probability of two individuals sharing a common ancestor. FTDNATiP's usefulness can be seen by the following: Kit 48937 (Johannes Harbard Winegardner) and Kit N18556 have a 50% probability of sharing a common ancestor within the last 17 generations based upon their identical results for 11 of 12 markers. If the average length of a generation is 25 years or 30 years then 17 generations would be equivalent to 425 or 510 years respectively. In comparison, Kit 48937 (Johannes Harbard Winegardner) and Kit 40543 (Johann Jacob Weingarten/Weingart) have a less than 1% probability of sharing a common ancestor within the last 24 generations according to FTDNATiP.