The KEANE Y-DNA Project surname study was begun several years ago to determine relationships among various CAIN, O'CAHAN, O'KANE, KANE, KEANE, KEEN, KEENE etc. families found in various locations throughout the world. It is not expected that all will share the same Y-DNA. It is more probable that genetically several unrelated families exist. We might expect that those from the same location will match. People with a known ancestral location in the Old World are especially sought. Those from the New World may find that they match one of these groups.