This project is open to all who have direct paternal and/or maternal ancestry in Italy (including Sicily and Sardinia) and who are also of known or speculative Jewish ancestry. "Known Jewish ancestry" refers to all those who are of confirmed Jewish ancestry through a history of religious practice, family tradition, and/or civil/religious records; "speculative Jewish ancestry" refers to those who may have some family practices, lore, and/or DNA evidence that point to possible Jewish ancestry, but who were not raised as Jewish culturally or with a history of practicing Judaism in their family. Note that Italian Jews are known as both Italkim and Neofitti. Please see the following website for more information on Italian Jews: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Jews