Results
For those of you who have just joined us. A basic refresher.
We started out small and are now up to twenty seven participants.
We have been able to verify that twenty of those twenty seven are definitely in Hugh’s line.
In one case the Calkins tested,# 2, kit #62104 had no documentation making that connection. He could not go back past Elijah Calkins b. abt 1768 in CT or MA. (Page 403 Calkins Family in America by Ken Calkins) Robert Calkins our CFA recorder recently unearthed new information that may connect Elijah to Hugh.
Subsequently this has been confirmed by DNA. Out of 67 markers he only has 3 mutations. Furthermore there are only two other Calkins who share the same mutation of 10 at Locus 4. #s 1 and 3. Their respective, well documented, genealogies show their MRCA (most recent common ancestor) to be Stephen Calkins born 1706
As you will note there are three Calkins who belong to another haplogroup: #s 22-24 as J1 not R1b1 like most of the other Calkins. They are first cousins. We have never been able to document that they descended from our common progenitor, Hugh Calkins. Their line went back to John Calkins b. 25 August, 1785 in Chenango Co. NY. Married Phoebe Wellman 1808. (Page 408, Ken’s book)
What is most interesting with this group is their haplogroup: J1. Which is of Middle Eastern origin and that they match 65/67, 67/67 with people with the surname “Davenport/Deavenport” # 21 Davenport shown for 65/67 match.
There was a Roman Legion stationed in Chester that was comprised of a naval unit from the Middle East. It was common practice that Legionnaires found themselves local wives and when they retired stayed in England... That would explain the presence of J1 in England
Furthermore there was a plague in the Chester area circa 1610. Perhaps a Calkin/Calkins family took in some surviving children that were Davenport’s
In any case it appears we have, at this time, two separate Calkins’ lines originating in the Chester area of Cheshire, England.
Subsequently one of this group found a more logical explanation. One of John/Phoebe’s sons: Martin Calkins b. 30 Sept 1822 m. Catherine Joslyn. Her sister Cynthia Joslyn m. Edwin Davenport. According to census information for this period they were neighbors in Butler, New York. So it would appear that an unrecorded adoption of some sort took place.
Please note that # 8 kit 90197 is a third cousin to #a 22-24. His DNA shows that he is a descendant of first Hugh.
Also as you can see we have another Calkins, #55779, belonging to another haplogroup: I1a which is generally associated with the Viking influence in the British Isles.
He does have a well documented paper trail back to Hugh. It would appear that was a NPE somewhere... Going back several generations in his line there was a Calkins who was married more than once. We speculate that the last wife was widowed and brought a child into the marriage. This child was raised as a Calkins and the true biological ancestor. Ken Calkins has been able to locate a descendant of one of the brothers of this ancestor and we are hoping to get him to test. That should solve this mystery.
We do know that Calkins, # 62094) father was adopted. Coincidentally his adoptive father belongs to the J1 group above.
Calkins, #62098, is very interesting. DNA proves that a 1724 court decision regarding illegitamacy was incorrect. That indeed a Calkins was the father.
A brief explanation as to understanding how the DNA chart is organized by FTDNA.
In order to order to provide privacy for participants only last names and kit #s are displayed. In that way one can find their personal results from the kit # they were provided when submitting their DNA.
The order in which results are displayed is determined by those whom share similar mutations. For example #s 1-3 Calkins are the only ones with a mutation of 10 Locus 4
#s 4-7 Calkins displayed all share a mutation of 16 at Locus 24
#8 Calkins is unique at this point in time with a mutation of 10 at Locus 26
#9 Calkins is also unique at this point in time with a mutation of 17 at Locus 32
#10 Calkins is also unique at this point with a mutation of 35 at Locus 34
#s11-16 Calkins are what is called “modal”. Which means no mutations
#17 Calkins is unique at this point with a mutation of 37 at Locus 34
#18 Calkins is unique at this point with a mutation of 19 Locus 32
#19 Calkins is unique also with a mutation of 20 at Locus 20
#20 Calkins is unique also with a mutation of 15 at Locus 3
One may ask what is the significance of the mutations
A quick and dirty definition of some words used in genetic genealogy:
Haplogroup
A Haplogroup places you on the genetic tree of mankind. Think of the
haplogroups as the main branches on the genetic tree of mankind. This is not
really used for genealogy as it determines ancient mankind, before the use
of surnames, in the tens of thousands of years.
Haplotype
It takes a Haplotype to predict a Haplogroup.
Markers
Markers are a set of predetermined places in a dna string that are tested,
these tests are given names and numbers and are referred to as markers, the
results of these tests create the marker results, which may or may not link
you to a particular surname.
These sets of marker results are called a Haplotype.
There are different tests
1. 12 markers,
2. 25 markers,
3. 37 markers
4. 67 markers.
There may be other names for these tests but discussing them by the number,
people will still know what you mean.
the more marker results the better chance of finding someone you share a
common ancestor with.
Haplotypes are important in genealogical research.
The more matches of markers within the haplotype the closer you are to the
person whose test you are comparing to, as long as you are within the same
surname group. Although, there can be mutations at markers, these can help
in determining the distance in years the two tested are from a common
ancestor. Normally father and son have an exact match on their markers, but
a mutation can occur between father and son, or even between brothers, as
one may get the mutated marker and the other not. But normally this changed
marker is given to his descendants.
We are waiting for the results of three more Calkins. Depending on their mutations or lack thereof they will be placed accordingly. This could change the numerical order in which they are placed on the chart. Which in effect can change all the placement numbers
The one constant is ones kit number.